Control of follicular function and morphology could help improve conception rate of dairy cows.Strategies to pharmaceutically control ovulatory follicle development to enhance fertility of lactating dairy cows and apply them to optimize reproductive efficiency are required. Synchronization programs like 'Ovsynch' are targeted in effectively and consistently controlling the follicular and luteal development and its function. Efficiency of 'Ovsynch' for effectively synchronizing ovulation and fertility potential in dairy cows can be accomplished by its modifications. Employing these programs as a reproductive management tool is beneficial because reliance on estrus detection for breeding can be minimized. Also, these can be used to initiate the first post partum insemination and manage the voluntary waiting period, thereby the intercalving interval. Further studies on using these programs to take care of problem cows that fail to conceive after several inseminations or are never detected in estrus are needed. With this intend a study has been in progress at College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pookot as part of the project entitled “Ovsynch programme and its modifications on the reproductive performance of anestrous and repeat breeding cattle” funded by Department of Animal Husbandry, Kerala.